Renewable energy technologies for water desalination hacene mahmoudi, noreddine ghaffour, mattheus f. A wind farm at bungendore in new south wales was purposebuilt to generate enough renewable energy to offset the sydney plants energy use, mitigating concerns about harmful greenhouse gas emissions. Solar energy water desalination in the united states and. Applications and thermodynamics offers a practical handbook on the use of renewable technologies to produce freshwater using sustainable methods. We need to increase our national investment in these technologies to ensure the safe and sustainable water.
Renewable energy, water sources, desalination technologies, economics. The use of alternative energy sources is essential to meet the growing demand for water desalination. Renewable energy desalination ag025 the action group will promote the use of desalination powered by renewable energy, as an environmentally friendly and decentralised solution for sustainable water supply. Use of desalination and renewable energy to close the water demand gap in mena this volume also relies in part on previous studies commissioned by the bank, including making the most of scarcity world bank 2007 and others in the water and energy sectors in. This is especially true in the case of solar energy, as the regions with greater water shortages tend to be those with higher solar radiation.
Renewable energy opportunities in water desalination intechopen. Renewable energy from wind, solar, geothermal, or other sources may be necessary when access to grid electricity is. In the past, saudi arabia has relied on thermal desalination technologies. The integration of the renewable energy into water desalination systems has become increasingly attractive due to the growing demand for the water and energy, and the reduction of the contributions to the carbon footprint. The book also assesses the viability of renewable energy desalination as. Introduction desalination is a water treatment process that separates salts from saline water to produce potable water or water that is low in total disso lved solids tds. Introduction desalination is a watertreatment process that separates salts from saline water to produce potable water or water that is low in total dissolved solids tds. Therefore, serious forward steps toward integrating the desalination systems with the renewable and sustainable energy technologies will be required to mitigate the negat ive effects of the desalination systems. The solar desalination funding program will explore novel technologies that use solarthermal energy to assist in creating freshwater from otherwise unusable waters like seawater, brackish water, and contaminated water. Can renewable energy and desalination tackle two problems at. The utilization of wind and solar power generation technologies for desalination of brackish groundwater presents an opportunity to transform lowvalue products brackish groundwater, intermittent and offpeak electricity, and waste heat into a highvalue product treated.
Water desalination and purification using renewable energy. Renewable energy applications in water desalination ali abbas m. Renewable energy opportunities in water desalination. The perth desalination plant is powered partially by renewable energy from the emu downs wind farm. Integration of renewable energy technologies with desalination. Any substantial or systematic reproductions, redistribution. Curr sustainable renewable energy rep integration of renewable energy technologies with desalination ange abena mbarga 0 1 lianfa song 0 1 w. The two most commonly used desalination technologies are msf and ro systems. Introduction water is an abundant natural resource, as approximately threequarters of the planet is covered by it. Special methods and types used in solar desalination are introduced, providing new thoughts, concepts, and feasible solutions in the desalination field, along with the thermal and economic efficiency relating to current technology. Desalination technologies development and alternate energy mix are required urgently to coup the bau trend. A full analysis of cost status for both powerenergy and water production with both conventional and solar energy technologies.
Desalination is a process that takes away mineral components from saline water. Could wind and solarpowered desalination plants be the solution to both problems. The book presents a thorough overview of the latest trends and challenges in renewable energy technologies applications for water desalination, with an emphasis on environmental concerns and sustainable development. Renewable energy technologies for water desalination crc. For this reason desalination of seawater is becoming an increasingly important factor in the fresh water. Whether youve loved the book or not, if you give your honest and detailed thoughts then people will find new books that are right for them. Alkaraghouli alqaraghuli, national renewable energy laboratory professor ali alkaraghouli is currently a principal research engineer dealing with renewable energy applications and science and technology partnerships at u. Combining reduced energy consumption from desalination plants and elimination of supply pipelines could potentially result in a significant reduction in energy.
Saltwater is desalinated to produce water suitable for human consumption or irrigation. Ross williams altresco companies, 10940 parker road, parker, co 804, usa 1 a. Using renewable energy sources in water desalination has many. The analyst predicted that the scale of water utilized for energy production only will increase from 583 billion cubic meters bcm in 2010 to 790 bcm of water in 20, resulting in even higher demand for desalination in the region. Desalination based on the use of renewable energy sources can provide a sustainable way to produce fresh water. The byproduct of the desalination process is brine. Adsorption desalination ad is a promising new technology that has great potential to reduce the need for conventional power, to use solely renewable energy sources, and to reduce the overall. It provides an indication on how renewable energy technologies are rapidly emerging with the promise of economic and environmental viability for desalination.
Pdf todays and future challenges in applications of. There are two broad categories of desalination technologies. Mapping water needs and renewable energy sources is a strategic tool for planning new. To this end, leading technologies have been explored in order to develop the best fit for both scalability and efficiency. The book also assesses the viability of renewable energy desalination as an important option to close the region. Thermal and membrane desalination technologies are available, with significant electrical or thermal energy requirements. Use of renewable energy technologies for desalination. Other readers will always be interested in your opinion of the books youve read. After providing an overview of wind, wave, geothermal.
We demonstrated that in developing a renewable energy scheme for desalination purposes, product water storage is a more reliable and technoeconomic solution. The results show that reverse osmosis desalination, coupled with an energy. Use of desalination and renewable energy to close the water demand gap in mena this volume also relies in part on previous studies commissioned by the bank, including making the most of scarcity world bank 2007 and others in the water and energy sectors in mena, and other regional reports. The demand for smalldecentralized desalination plants is expected to grow rapidly if appropriate technologies are to be developed as the countries suffering from a shortage of potable water are blessed with large amounts of renewable energy resources, such as solar and geothermal energy. Institute of sustainable energy technology, university of nottingham, nottingham. Renewable energy applications in water desalination. Renewable energy powered desalination handbook 1st edition. The study reveals that adopting decentralized add technology coupled with renewable energy sources could reduce the specific energy consumption from 4 kwhm3 to less than 1.
Fichtner, 2011, mena regional water outlook part ii desalination using renew. Introduction desalination is a watertreatment process that separates salts from saline water to produce potable water or water that is low in total disso lved solids tds. Zero liquid discharge water desalination process using humidification. Use of renewable energy technologies for desalination wang shuxian z3452701 abstract only about 0. Renewable energy technologies for water desalination application. Renewable energy from wind, solar, geothermal, or other sources may be necessary when access to grid electricity is limited. The eu roed project team reports on renewable energy powered desalination experiences in europe unded by. The eu roed project team reports on renewable energypowered desalination experiences in europe unded by. Water takes a close second to energy as the commodity most under pressure in the future, and the least available. Technologies and economicsstate of the art article pdf available january 1099 with 6,382 reads how we measure reads. Recent developments in solar thermal desalination technologies.
Energy can be produced, but the supply of fresh water is totally dependant on weather and climatic conditions. The desalination projects are specifically about integrating innovative research with industry in order to hasten the. Use of renewable energy technologies for desalination term. Roberta fornarelli, farhad shahnia, martin anda, parisa a.
Childress department of civil and environmental engineering university of nevada, reno 1st arabamerican frontiers symposium kuwait institute for scientific research and u. Hybrid renewable energy systems for desalination springerlink. Water desalination using renewable energy technology brief. Renewable energy desalination ag025 the action group will promote the use of desalination powered by renewable energy, as an environmentally friendly and. It is expected to become economically attractive as the costs of renewable technologies continue to decline and the prices of fossil fuels continue to increase. In an era of extended droughts combined with increasing water demand, water scarce areas of the world are considering expensive and farflung water sources. Renewable energy technologies for water desalination. By providing a wide variety of conventional desalination methods driven by various types of renewable energy technologies in the world, water and energy legislators should choose different methods to meet the needs based on the local potentials by paying attention to the desalination processes and power systems. Goosen, jochen bundschuh the book presents a thorough overview of the latest trends and challenges in renewable energy technologies applications for water desalination, with an emphasis on environmental concerns and sustainable development. Up till now, the expansion of renewable energy sources to run desalination processes at a. The selection of a suitable desalination technology driven by wind or geothermal energy depends on the size of the desalination plant, quality of the product water, remoteness of site location, costs of water produced, and availability of the renewable energy source 18, 19. This document pdf may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Water desalination technologies utilizing conventional and renewable energy sources international journal of lowcarbon technologies water is one of the earths most abundant resources, covering about threequarters of the planets surface. Solar, wind, geothermal, wave and tidal energy are the main sources of renewable energy besides the hydropower and biomass energy.
Desalination of seawater has remained one of oldest water treatment processes. Remote communities in many countries are in need of dependable and affordable fresh water that must be derived from local brackish water or seawater. Renewable energy desalination red technology provides sustainability and reduces the carbon footprint. Renewable energy technologies for water desalination hacene.
Selecting an economically suitable and sustainable solution for a renewable energy powered water desalination system. Role of seawater desalination in the management of an. Can renewable energy and desalination tackle two problems. Kazmerski national renewable energy laboratory golden, colorado, 80401, usa 1. Seawater desalination and salinity gradient energy technologies are critical to the continued success of our water infrastructure. The two major types of technologies that are used around the world for desalination can be broadly classified as either thermal or membrane. More generally, desalination refers to the removal of salts and minerals from a target substance, as in soil desalination, which is an issue for agriculture. Overview of village scale, renewable energy powered. Renewable energy opportunities in water desalination ali a.
Overview of village scale, renewable energy powered desalination. The real problem in these technologies is the optimum economic design and evaluation of the combined plants in order to be economically viable for remote or arid regions. Hydropower and biomass energy are not suitable to couple with the desalination technology because they require water resources which may not be available in the water scarce countries. The global challenge of sustainable seawater desalination.
However, due to the lower energy consumption and improvement in technology, reverse osmosis is expected to. At the same time, electric grids are straining to meet surging demand for electricity. This thesis explores renewable energypowered desalination technologies and how they can represent a sustainable solution to resolve water scarcity in diverse. National renewable energy laboratory 21 fullscale hydrogen mitigation installation and testing at nevada solar one.
National academies october 1719, 2011 in kuwait city. It provides an indication on how renewable energy technologies are rapidly emerging with the promise of economic. Mbarga 2 department of civil and environmental engineering, texas tech university, box 41023, lubbock, tx 79423, usa remote. Five solar energy water desalination systems are described. A critical evaluation of renewable energy technologies for. Finding the right match between desalination and renewable energy technologies selecting the most suitable redriven desalination technology depends on several factors such as size of the plant, salinity of the feed water and required product, remoteness, existence of. Water desalination technologies utilizing conventional and. Conclusion desalination integrated renewable energy systems offer a winwin solution to the energy and water problems. Can renewable energy and desalination tackle two problems at once. Water desalination using renewable energy ieaetsap. Table 2 shows the energy requirement of the main desalination technologies 14, 16. Table1illustrates the energy consumption of the most prevalent desalination technologies in saudi arabia 23.
Avi shultz, csp program manager, solar energy technologies office junior ballroom 9. Solar energy desalination technology explains how to obtain clean water from sea water using solar energy. Sections cover the different renewable technologies currently used in the field, including solar, wind, geothermal and nuclear desalination. Water storage instead of energy storage for desalination. Mapping water needs and renewable energy sources is a strategic tool for. Further, in the industrialized world, government policies increasingly emphasize the replacement of fossil energy by renewable, lowcarbon energy, and so water scarce regions are considering solardriven desalination systems as a supplement to existing freshwater supplies. The middle east and north africa mena region is one of the most waterstressed parts of the world. Selecting an economically suitable and sustainable solution for a renewable energypowered water desalination system. Manual provided a comprehensive overview of desalination technologies. Improvements to thermal desalination technologies and lowcost, integrated designs for solarthermal collection and storage. Renewable energy is a big part of this, but, now, so is water desalination.
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